The process of hardening a device should include which of the following?

The process of hardening a device is essential for enhancing its security posture and involves taking specific steps to reduce vulnerabilities and protect against potential threats. Updating and patching the system is a critical part of this process because it ensures that any known security vulnerabilities are addressed. Software vendors regularly release updates to fix bugs, enhance performance, and most importantly, correct security flaws that could be exploited by attackers.

By keeping the operating system and applications up-to-date with the latest patches, organizations can significantly reduce the attack surface of their devices. This proactive approach not only protects against already-known threats but also lays a foundation for a secure environment as new vulnerabilities are continually being discovered in the ever-evolving landscape of cybersecurity.

The other choices, while they may contribute to an overall security strategy, do not directly relate to the fundamental process of device hardening in the same way that regular updates and patches do. Encrypting the OS adds a layer of protection, but it is not a primary hardening step. Performing background checks and using video surveillance are more focused on personnel security and physical security rather than the technical hardening of devices. Therefore, updating and patching systems stands out as the most relevant option for hardening a device effectively.