What is a type of multifactor authentication (MFA)?

A one-time password (OTP) is a type of multifactor authentication (MFA) because it provides an additional layer of security beyond just a username and password. MFA requires the use of two or more different factors to verify a user's identity. These factors typically fall into three categories: something you know (like a password), something you have (like a physical token or an OTP), and something you are (biometric data).

In the case of an OTP, it is generated and sent to the user at the time of login. This means that even if a malicious actor has obtained the user's password, they would still need access to the OTP, which is typically valid for a short period. This dual requirement enhances security by ensuring that simply knowing the password is not sufficient to gain access. The inclusion of a time-sensitive, unique code adds complexity to the authentication process, making it much harder for attackers to compromise accounts.

In contrast, fingerprint recognition and ID cards can also be considered forms of authentication, but they are not classified as multifactor authentication on their own when used in combination with a password. A password is a single factor and does not inherently provide the layered security that MFA aims to achieve.