What is the purpose of data encryption in cloud security?

Data encryption plays a crucial role in cloud security primarily by preventing unauthorized access to sensitive information. When data is encrypted, it is transformed into a format that cannot be easily read or understood without the appropriate decryption key. This means that even if an unauthorized individual gains access to the data, they would not be able to interpret it without the key, thus protecting the confidentiality and integrity of the information.

In the context of cloud services, where data is often stored and processed across various servers and systems, encryption ensures that sensitive data, such as personal information, financial records, and business secrets, remain secure from breaches, theft, and other forms of cyberattacks. It also helps organizations comply with regulations that mandate the protection of sensitive data.

The other options, while they may have relevance in different contexts, do not accurately capture the primary purpose of data encryption in cloud security. Speeding up data transfer is generally related to network performance and not directly impacted by encryption; increasing data storage capacity concerns the physical limits of storage technology; and facilitating data sharing pertains more to the processes and protocols used for collaboration rather than security.