What term refers to programs running on the same devices used by other customers simultaneously?

The correct term for programs running on the same devices used by other customers simultaneously is multi-tenancy. Multi-tenancy refers to a cloud architecture where a single instance of a software application serves multiple customers, or tenants. Each tenant's data is isolated and remains invisible to others, yet the resources (such as processing power and storage) are shared among all users on the same system. This is a core principle in cloud computing that maximizes resource utilization and reduces costs, making services more efficient and scalable.

Virtualization, while related, specifically refers to the creation of virtual instances of hardware or software, allowing multiple operating systems or applications to run on the same physical hardware. Resource sharing describes a broader concept of distributing resources among users but does not capture the specific architectural arrangement of multiple tenants sharing the same application instance. Application hosting generally refers to the deployment of applications on a server, which can encompass both single and multi-tenant environments, lacking the specific focus on multiple customers using the same infrastructure simultaneously.