Which kind of Data Obfuscation method replaces data with random values that can be mapped to actual data?

Tokenization is the correct choice because it specifically involves replacing sensitive data with unique identifiers, or "tokens," that can be mapped back to the original values through a secure tokenization system. This method allows for the storage and processing of data without exposing the original sensitive values, thus enhancing security while still maintaining the ability to retrieve the actual information when necessary.

This technique is particularly useful in environments where data must be handled or processed by systems that do not require direct access to the underlying sensitive information. By using tokens, organizations can reduce the risk of data breaches and ensure compliance with various data protection regulations without losing the ability to analyze or work with the data in a meaningful way.

In contrast, other methods such as masking obscure data but do not allow easy retrieval of the original information, while encryption secures data through transformation but requires decryption to restore the original content. Transparency typically implies a less secure method where data is still accessible. Thus, tokenization stands out as the most effective method for replacing data with random values that can still be mapped back to the original data.