Which term refers to the software technology that allows application software to operate independently from the underlying operating system?

Application virtualization is the correct term that describes the software technology enabling application software to run independently from the underlying operating system. This technology encapsulates applications so they can work in a virtual environment without being tied to the specific components or configurations of the host OS.

By abstracting the application from the operating system, application virtualization facilitates deployment, management, and scalability while also reducing compatibility issues that may arise due to varying OS settings. As a result, users can run several applications on the same machine without the risk of them interfering with one another, leading to improved usability and easier software updates.

Containerization, while related, involves packaging an application along with its dependencies and configuration files into a container that can run on any computing environment that supports container technologies. It tends to be more about encapsulating applications and their environments rather than merely enabling independence from the OS.

Service virtualization simulates the behavior of specific applications in a controlled manner for testing and development purposes. It helps in mimicking the interactions between components without the need for the actual services to be online and functional, serving a different purpose than that of application virtualization.

Cloud computing encompasses a wide range of services that deliver computing power, storage, and applications over the internet. While it may involve various virtualization strategies,